Disaster Management Viii

An Introduction to Disaster Management for Class 8 Central Board of Secondary Education ‘Shiksha Kendra’, 2, Community Centre Preet Vihar, Delhi – 110092, India Tel : 91-011-22509252-57/59, Fax : 91-011-22515826 E-mail : [email  protected] vsnl. net. in Website : www. cbse. nic. in TOGETHER, TOWARDS, A SAFER INDIA An Introduction to Disaster Management for Class 8 FIRST EDITION 2003 ? CBSE, DELHI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AUTHORS Dr. Kamala Menon, Principal, Mirambika School, New Delhi Ms. A. Venkatachalam, Mother’s International School, New Delhi Ms. P. Thakur, Education Officer, Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan, New Delhi EDITORS Shri M. P. Sajnani, Director (Disaster Management), Ministry of Home Affairs, Govt. of India Ms. Aparna Kanda, Programme Associate (Vulnerability Reduction and Sustainable Environment) UNDP, New Delhi COORDINATOR Ms. Sugandh Sharma, Education Officer (Commerce), CBSE , Delhi CBSE ADVISORS Mr. Ashok Ganguly, Chairman Mr. G. Balasubramanian, Director (Academics) PUBLISHED BY : The Secretary, Central Board of Secondary Education, ‘Shiksha Kendra’, 2, Community Centre, Preet Vihar, Delhi 110 092 DESIGN & LAYOUT BY : CBSE, Delhi PRINTED BY : Tara Art Press, B-4, Hans Bhawan, B. S. Zafar Marg, New Delhi – 110 002 Ph. 23378626, 23379686 ii Hkkjr dk lafo/kku mIsf’kdk ge] Hkkjr ds yksx] Hkkjr dks ,d1 [lEiw. kZ izHkqRo&laiUu lektoknh iaFkfujis{k yksdra=kRed x. kjkT;] cukus ds fy,] rFkk mlds leLr ukxfjdksa dks% lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj jktuSfrd U;k;] fopkj] vfHkO;fDr] fo’okl] /keZ vkSj mikluk dh Lora=rk] izfr†Bk vkSj volj dh lerk izkIr djkus ds fy,] rFkk mu lc esa O;fDr dh xfjek vkSj2 [jk†V? h ,drk vkSj v[k. Mrk] lqfuf’pr djus okyh ca/kqrk csa vkSj mldk ifjj{k. k djsa( izkd`frd i;kZoj. k dh ftlds varxZr ou] >hy] unh] vkSj oU; tho gSa] j{kk djsa vkSj mldk lao/kZu djsa rFkk izkf. k ek= ds izfr n;kHkko j[ksa( oSKkfud n`f†Vdks. k] ekuookn vkSj KkuktZu rFkk lq/kkj dh Hkkouk dk fodkl djsa( lkoZtfud la ifYk dks lqjf{kr j[ksa vkSj fgalk ls nwj jgsa( O;fDrxr vkSj lkewfgd xfrfof/k;ksa ds lHkh {ks=ksa esa mRd†kZ dh vksj c

Two Tail Hypothesis Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Two Tail Hypothesis - Scholarship Essay Example The analysis can be used by the manager to study if there is the significant difference between position and extrinsic job satisfaction in the company. This would enable the manager to make a plan on which strategy to use either Hourly Employee or Salaried Employee in respect of job satisfaction. Since ÃŽ ±=0.05 and confidence level is 95%; t- statistic=-54.60, the critical value is  ±1.96 we reject null hypothesis because p-value 1.67 E-91 is less than 0.05 and adopt alternative hypothesis. The t-test is used when the sample is small; it can be used to test the difference in population mean, that is when the population is n≠¤30 and the standard deviation of the population is estimated from the standard deviation of the sample. Whereas z-test is used when the population means is known together with standard deviation. Researchers do not have enough time to study the whole population. To study the entire population would be tedious and time-consuming; therefore, representative sample from the population is appropriate in the data collection. In statistical inferences, conclusions are drawn about the attribute of the population, e.g. the standard deviation or mean based on sample data analysis. Supposing there was a need to calculate the average weight of the population of youths in America, it would be unreasonable except at massive cost to weigh up each individual and calculate the mean weight. Another scenario is that testing process may be very destructive such that sampling becomes the only sufficient way.

Enron accounting scandal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Enron accounting scandal - Essay Example It made revolutionary changes in the trading markets of energy which has opened the door for new power traders and suppliers. It also tailored a nationwide energy-trading network by engaging in electricity and natural gas contracts that reflects the cost of delivery to a specific destination. By year 1999, the company adapted an internet-based system as Enron Online was launched. In 2001, it reported its executed trades on-line averaging to $2.5 billion a day. Having posted a 57 per cent increase in sales between 1996 and 2000, the company was considered as one of the most successful companies in the world. It controlled, 25 per cent of the â€Å"over the counter† energy-trading market or the trades conducted party-to-party and not over an exchange like the New York Mercantile Exchange. In addition, in the last week of 2000, its shares hit a 52-week high of $84.87 per share (www.mbaknol.com, 2011). No doubt that among the major player that had a major impact in the gigantic co llapse that turned out to be Enron is the accounting firm that handled its auditing. This is Arthur Andersen which garnered ire and revulsion following the events of the scandal. There was the unending debacle over the alleged shredding of important documents moments before they were subjected to an investigation. This was to cover-up the paper trail on the corruption that went on within the company. In 2002, the Houston Court found the company guilty of obstructing justice that led to the lost of over $60 billion by investors. The jury found it guilty on account of an alteration of a company memorandum that was connected with the revelation of the income of Enron. The judgment emphasized the need of accounting firms to monitor corporations and not just to stick with balancing accounts (Thomas, 2002). Though the entire firm had been indicted and found guilty, the most prominent figure that contributed to the catastrophe is their Chicago lawyer Nancy Temple who ordered David Duncan t o erase her name from a memo when they already knew the Securities and Exchange Commission was after them. The subject of the memo was on a $1 billion loss of Enron that Temple disagrees with. The whole debacle has placed the entire firm into jeopardy as they lost one-third of their 2,300 clients whereas only 5,000 out of a former 26,000 of their United States employees opted to remain with the company. The editor of Bowman’s Accounting Report has been quoted describing â€Å"Arthur Andersen is dead. Once the indictment was handed down, clients started jumping faster than they did off the Titanic† (Thomas, 2002). All these turn of events had led to the realization that there has been transcendence among accounting firms to be more cautious and transparent of their dealings with client companies. This judgment over Arthur Andersen only leads as basis to the public conclusion that there was something awfully wrong with the way Enron conducted its business. The non-disclo sure of facts that the company is in ruins which led investors to believe they are putting their money on a viable company when in fact they are not. This case served only as fuel to the public clamor to delve into the culpability of Enron executives and to hold them liable and to make them responsible to the aftermath of the company’s mess. There have been a number of opinions that pertain to the whole situation, some even uncalled for and downright degrading such as the reference to Andersen employees as Androids (Thomas, 2002). T

Business Research for Decision Making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Business Research for Decision Making - Essay Example both of his sons are not keen to follow in his footsteps and the debate ensues over the implications of family control on the overall performance of the Larouche Candy Company (Bougie and Sekaran, 2013). For this reason, they hired an external consultant, Paul Thomas Anderson, to conduct a business research on the company. A business research is a process that is objective and systematic where one gathers record and analyzes data with the aim of making an informed business decision. The project done on the company is a research project because it will study the pros and cons of running a family business. Paul will provide evidence to show the difference in performance between family owned business and non-family owned business. The truth is that family owned businesses still remain competitive in the market and their performance is almost similar to the other businesses (Barontini and Caprio, 2005). It is good that they decided to hire an external consultant to research on the Larouche Candy Company. External consultants are able to give an informed decision that is not biased. Luc can provide data on the business performance in the years it has been handed down the generations. This will assist Paul as he compares the data with other competing businesses. The basic research can help Paul solve the problem in the company. This is because research shows that family owned businesses perform when the family member does not hold an executive position (Allouche, 2008). Therefore, one of Luc’s sons can take control over the business, but let another person make decisions about its

MRI (Classical theory Magnetic resonance) Essay

MRI (Classical theory Magnetic resonance) - Essay Example n electromagnetic laws a nucleus spining around its own axis with an electric charge will cause a small magnetic moment (composed of spin and charge) (Donald W et al. 2010). The rotation (spin) of the nucleus is perpendicular to the axis of the nucleus magnetic field. In short, vector (Figure 1) is used to describe the magnitude (amplitude) and the direction of the magnetic moment (Westbrook, Roth & Talbot 2005). When the atomic mass number is odd an example is Na 23. Another example is 7Li. It has seven atomic mass number 3 protons and 4 neutrons and thus will give rise to an MR signal. The spin (I) for 23Na and 7Li will be 23⠁„2 and 3/2, respectively. For example, 14N has seven protons and seven neutrons (Z=7 and A=14). The spin (I) for 14N will be However, if the atomic number and atomic mass number are even, then there is no magnetic moment and thus no MR signal (for instance, 114Cd is composed of 48 protons plus 66 neutrons, Z=48 and A=114) (BROWN & SEMELKA 1999; Donald W et al. 2010). It is important to know that the vectors of the MR active nuclei in the absence of the main magnetic field will spin randomly; thus, the random directions of the nuclei will affect the magnitude of the net magnetic moment. The probability of the net magnetic moment approaching zero is when there are many nuclei aligned in different directions If RF pulse is applied at the resonance, then the protons can absorb that energy at the quantum level, a single proton jumps to higher energy state. At the macro or classical level, to an observer in the external laboratory frame of reference, the magnetization vector spiral down towards the xy plane. Now to see the behavior of the rotating frame when a RF pulse is applied from external source ,we keep this thing in minds that pulses are often labeled by their tip angle which can be any value of angle but most of the times the 90o and 180o. The tip angle is dependent on both the magnitude of the externally applied magnetic field and

CASE STUDY - AMAZON Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

- AMAZON - Case Study Example The featured organization remained engaged in selling DVDs, CDs, VHS cassettes and a lot of electronics before it can actually became capable of developing and commercializing Kindle Fire tablet. The introduction of Kindle acted like a lucky charm for the retailer and things initiated to look improved ever since the product was launched in the year of 2011 whereas, its predecessor Kindle e-book Reader was launched in 2007. The improved version of the formerly mentioned product was released in 2012 (History & Timeline, 2014). The company produces products by outsourcing their manufacturing to countries that can produce them cheaply. The apparels are made in Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. The technological products are either made in China or US. The products are distributed through chain of warehouses, fulfillment centers and third party distributors (Kucera, 2014). Jeff Bezos had incorporated Amazon.com as an organization in July 1994 and the website was made available for customer use in 1995 after intensive tests and beta version releases. However, the concept worked and worked great indeed. The initial name of the company was Cadabra and it was replaced with Amazon after getting inspired with the title of Amazon River which is one of the most spacious water masses located on the face of the Earth. The Amazons is a term that was used to refer to great nation of female warriors known to exist in the traditional Greek mythology. Amazon managed to vend its subsidiary websites to England, America, France, Canada, Italy, Germany, Spain, Australia, Brazil, Japan, China, India and last but not the least Mexico. In 2011, the company was in plans to launch its websites in Poland, Netherlands and Sweden. Jeff Bezos did not engage in internet business in the period of early development of the industry but he made up for his misgivings in this regard an d introduced Amazon in 1994. Amazon as a

Progressive Movement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Progressive Movement - Essay Example A loosely defined movement was formed from the progressive reformers. Progressives were individuals or groups of people who were concerned about the state of society, impacts arising from urbanization and industrialization, poverty, social issues and political corruption (Foner, 2014, p.678). Progressives as businessmen were ambitious to include the laborers and workers for their rights in decision making and economic improvement. Women were part of progressive movement who sought their right of protection of their children from exploitation. Journalists as progressives had exposed the major ills of urban as well as industrial lives with expectations to encourage reforms. Social scientists also took part in progressive era with their beliefs of solving the social problems through the academic research. Middle class individuals were more fearful about the rise of big businesses that could threat their social as well as economic status. Progressivism was defined through currents and tr ends of counterculture, challenges to authorities, cultural liberation and sexual revolution. Other currents and trends include the steps towards the equal rights, civil rights and establishing the women’s organizations.Socialists advocated that economy’s state control and laborers’ voices must be accorded in their decision making. Many civil and political organizations recognized that inequality could threat the democracy, so they considered that political struggle was essential to defend the interests of workers.